The Vaccination Of A Vaccine - 1586 Words

Every day, someone is saved because of a vaccination. A vaccine is a preventive drug that uses a small ratio of a dead or weakened virus and is designed to improve a person’s immunity and chances of survival. A vaccine is administered in one of three ways: (1) via syringe and needle injected into a muscle, (2) a nasal spray though the sinus canals, or (3) a liquid that is ingested via mouth. If a person is getting a polio vaccine, for example, then the vaccine would be made up of the the weakened or dead virus of polio and administered as mentioned above. The body then reacts to the virus creating an antibody to be produced and used by your immune system; the antibody’s job is to identify and neutralize the virus if the body is ever exposed to again. While no vaccine is 100% effective, most routine childhood vaccinations are approximately 85% to 95% effective (CDC). This means that if two people were introduced to a virus, and one person received a vaccination against the virus as a child and the other person did not, there would be a 5% chance the vaccinated person would contract the virus while the person that did not take the vaccine would have close to a 100% guarantee of becoming infected. One of the many vaccines people routinely get is the influenza vaccine or flu shot. With flu season quickly approaching, it is paramount that people are receiving this vaccine, especially those that are immunocompromised or have weakened/immature immune systems. The CDC has currentShow MoreRelatedVaccination Research : Vaccines And Vaccines1316 Words   |  6 PagesVaccination Research In colonial America in the 1700’s the smallpox virus was spreading throughout the population, and killing as many of half of the people who were contracting the virus. According to pbs.org the earliest form of vaccinations was called â€Å"inoculation† and was being debated if it was considered safe. The fear was understandable, because the process to inoculate against the smallpox was riskier than todays modern vaccine. In the 1700’s inoculating statistics proved that it helpedRead MoreLack Of Vaccinations : Vaccines941 Words   |  4 PagesJudd 1 Zulayka M. Judd 12/02/2015 Lack Of Vaccinations Problem significance: Vaccines are a a substance used to produce antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases, which is prepared from the causative agent of a disease. Vaccinations are made through research companies that go through an extensive process. Even after this research is completed, there are an addition three phases the drug must go through before the public can use it. After the phases are complete, the sideRead MoreVaccinations Of The Smallpox Vaccine1687 Words   |  7 PagesVaccinations were first introduced in the late 18th century by Edward Jenner. He injected a small amount of cowpox in a thirteen year-old boy to demonstrate the effectiveness it had against smallpox, resulting in the development of the first smallpox vaccine in 1798. Because of his discovery, Jenner contributed to the overall annihilation of the disease in 1979 after the vaccine was implemented in different medicines throughout the world (source). Following Jenner, many others produced vaccines toRea d MoreVaccinations: Vaccine and Vaccines Health Center1291 Words   |  6 Pagesnumber of vaccinations before they can even start kindergarten. There are required and recommended immunizations. Required immunizations are ones that are required by state laws and recommended immunizations are recommended by your healthcare provider and are not required for students to start school. Some of the required vaccinations needed before a student starts kindergarten are: polio, DTaP, MMR, Hepatitis B, and Varicella (Information for Parents). The Polio vaccination is still gaveRead MoreVaccines Is A Old As The Vaccination982 Words   |  4 Pagescontroversy over vaccines is as old as the vaccination itself.† While both sides of the immunization controversy have gathered ample sources backing their claims throughout the duration of this controversy, the validity of the two sides couldn’t contrast more. The pro-vaccine advocates provide factual information supported by scientific research, while the anti-vaccine advocates make bold sensational statements that attempt to place blame for various diseases and genetic disorders on vaccines, while failingRead MoreThe Vaccination Of The Hpv Vaccine778 Words   |  4 PagesThe HPV vaccine has always been controversial. When the vaccine first debut in 2006, many parents felt that the vaccine was only for sexually active teens, and their children did not fit that mold. Others felt that the vaccine was dangerous and refused to be vaccinated. Unfortunately, the stigma around the HPV vaccine still stands. In a study done by the Mayo Clinic, there has been a steady rise in the number of parents who do not want to vaccinate their children. In 2013, only 37.8 % of girlsRead MoreVaccine and Vaccinations Nicole Tuttle1721 Words   |  7 Pages Vaccinations Nicole Tuttle CM107 10/1/13 Outline I. Introduction A. Where to find information on vaccines. B. Thesis Statement. II. Vaccines A. What is a vaccine? B. Why do we have vaccines? III. History A. First attempts to vaccinate. B. Diseases eradicated by the creation of vaccinations. IIII. Vaccinations and their purpose A. Vaccinations for children. B. Diseases vaccinations protect against. C. Vaccines recommended for adultsRead MoreVaccine Adherence Via Technology : Vaccination Essay1780 Words   |  8 PagesVaccine Adherence via Technology Immunizations recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are important in helping to protect individuals from potentially harmful, and even fatal, vaccine-preventable diseases. The CDC recommends routine vaccination to prevent 17 vaccine-preventable diseases that can occur in infants, children, adolescents, and adults (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). Adhering to vaccine schedules and completing vaccine series accordingRead MorePersuasive Essay About Vaccines And Vaccinations2223 Words   |  9 Pageswith your own body, but what happens after birth? What kind of protection should you provide them with? The question is to vaccinate, or to not vaccinate? First off, let’s start with what a vaccine is. A vaccine is a substance that produces antibodies and provides immunity against one or many diseases. A vaccine is made up and prepared with the disease that causes it, its products, or a synthetic substitute. It’s treated to act l ike an antigen without producing the disease. So to simplify this, patientsRead MoreThe Anti Vaccination Movement : Vaccines Are Dangerous Or Ineffective?2514 Words   |  11 Pagesan anti-vaccination movement has sparked a worldwide discussion about both the safety of vaccines and the responsibility of people to vaccinate. Recent outbreaks of preventable diseases have caused both fear and anger from people on both sides of the issue. These same outbreaks have also served to cause significant political tension between those against vaccines, who do not want their right to choose compromised, and many proponents of vaccines, who are calling for mandatory vaccinations. Vaccination

How Homer s Work Is Relevant Today - 1072 Words

How Homer’s Work is Relevant Today (September 16) Homer’s work is relevant today because â€Å"we live in a world torn by violence, sexual passion, and revenge† just as Homer’s the Iliad does. Current events that have been taking place around the world and in our country, show these topics. For example, violence is shown through the crime rates and the number of stories that we hear about brutality and unnecessary shootings. The violence of war that takes place in the Iliad is directly related to the war that the United States is facing now and has for the past fifteen years. Violence and war were major themes in the Iliad and today we see war, not only between our country and others but all over the world. In the Iliad, there is one domestic scene which shows the tearful goodbye between Andromache and her husband, Hector who is about to go off to war. This scene is relevant to today in the sense that wives and husbands still must send off their loved ones when they go into the war. Although the war in the Iliad and today are relevant to one another the emotions behind the war, the families sending their loved ones off, and the loss suffered from the war are what stands out to still be true today. New York Times Articles and Class QA with the Author (October 1) I thoroughly enjoyed reading the articles that N.R. Kleinfield wrote. I also enjoyed being able to hear Kleinfield’s answers to our questions when he came into our class. It was fascinating to find out whereShow MoreRelatedThe Iliad And The Odyssey1060 Words   |  5 PagesHomer once said, â€Å"Hateful to me as the gates of Hades is that man who hides one thing in his heart and speaks another.† (The Iliad pg.405) The quote is relevant to the stories Homer created during the period of the Trojan War. Homer orally performed two of his best works The Iliad and The Odyssey. Homer’s stories are old and probably translated differently than their original telling. Homer’s The Iliad and The Odyssey still show the basic human emotions and are an inspiration to other authors, poetsRead MoreSpeech Is The Effective Form Of A Culture972 Words   |  4 Pagesis another form of poetry that I will discus s later in the essay. Poetry was very relevant during times like ancient Greece .If you mention the names Homer, Shakespeare and Sophocles then you will notice people are mostly familiar with those poets. Although the work they created was long ago they would still remember are known they are a famous figure in history. Even during their times they were know figures. Today in the 21st century poetry is dead nobody no longer wants to hear it understand itRead MoreFeminism In A Rose For Emily1379 Words   |  6 Pagesthey coddle her:   Emily Grierson s strategic retreat into the sanctuary of her house after Homer Barron s ‘desertion’ of her is as defiant as it is self-protective, an act of passive resistance directed against a society where the masculine virtues of courtliness, strength, and moral rectitude exemplified by Colonel Sartoris, Judge Stevens, and her father†¦. In short, there is in Faulkner s Emily a dignified power and an iron will (she remains to the end her father s daughter) that seem at odds withRead Morestudent Essay2677 Words   |  11 PagesHomework #3 – Dagwood and Homer and the Savings Function Due Wednesday, 9/24 at the beginning of class – you must hand in homework in the section you are registered in - no late papers accepted! Instructions: Please show all work or points will be taken off. Good luck! This HW assignment is very relevant to the Great Recession experienced in the US from December 2007 - June 2009. In particular, we experience a significant and negative wealth shock and map out how this effects the consumptionRead More John Miltons Epic Poem, Lost Paradise Essays601 Words   |  3 PagesParadise Lost is arguably the greatest epic poem ever written, though not the most well-known. It is so great because it is so modern. Other epics, such as The Iliad or The Odyssey written by Homer are poems of the past. They incorporate a religion that is no longer followed, and are something of science fiction today. Milton’s Paradise Lost is based on Christian Theology, and contains, what many believe, a hero that should not be considered a hero at all. Milton places Satan as the epic hero in his epicRead More The Comedy of the American Dream Essays2458 Words   |  10 PagesAmerican Beauty, followed suit?deposing the American dream became the most relevant form of humor in America. In Pleasantville (1998), Tobey Maguire and Reese Witherspoon play siblings who are trapped in a dysfunctional turn-of-the-millenium family. Maguire?s character deals with the situation by obsessively watching Pleasantville, a black-and-white rerun from the 1950s in which the American dream directed the script. Witherspoon?s character deals with her life by turning to a 1990s distraction: sexRead MoreHow Does Trauma Impact Human Psychology1532 Words   |  7 PagesHow does trauma impact human psychology, and how has the disorder we now call PTSD been perceived throughout human history? War has been a common occurrence for as long as humans have walked the earth. In his impressive work The Better Angels of Our Nature, Steven Pinker graphs a list of the 100 worst wars and atrocities in human history covering the past 2,500 years showing that deaths per 100,000 people on earth remained essentially unchanged until declining only in the last handful of decadesRead MoreThe Allegory Of The Cave Proposed By Plato1595 Words   |  7 Pagesfundamental part of understanding our society, and has archived and developed the events and thoughts that made the world in which we live today. The more we read, the more we understand about us as well as learning from other peoples’ experiences. Literature has gathered all the information we know so far and has brought us out of the cave by showing us how humanity has evolved the we know it. Knowledge is said that can be taught by someone who has certainly more understanding and experience thanRead MoreNotes On Paper On Nursing1615 Words   |  7 PagesNotes on Nursing Halie Cartner, Shanitra McNealy, Ashlee Homer, Sharee Walker Queens University of Charlotte Notes on Nursing Florence Nightingale was the founder of modern nursing (Smith Parker, 2015). She was born in Italy, France and spent majority of her childhood years traveling the European countries with her family. Nightingales was open-minded, generous, and valued the life of others (Smith Parker, 2015). She was a woman of strong faith who studied a variety of religionsRead MoreImpact Color Associations Have on Gender Stereotypes1353 Words   |  5 Pagesintro Surely it is common knowledge nowadays that pink is the colour for girls and blue is the colour for boys, but the real question is, why? How did the colour pink gain its label as a girls colour? And why is blue recognised today as a boys colour? Why have these particular colours become so gender specific? Do these gender normal behaviours reflect some built in biological difference between the sexes or did culture somehow dictate the gender preferences? Are they culturally manufactured? Have

Courage of Atticus Finch free essay sample

Atticus Finch, a dedicated lawyer and compassionate father of two, shows many instances of great courage as he fights against racism to ensure justice when an innocent black man is accused of rape in a small southern town. His actions through out the trial, as well as his personal life, each one displaying compassion, courage, and dedication idolized him in many peoples eyes and eventually won him the title of fims number one hero of all time. Buddha defined compassion as that which makes the heart of the good move at the pain of others. † The book of Leviticus expresses it more simply as â€Å"love thy neighbor†. In To Kill A Mockingbird Atticus Finch shows compassion in every aspect of his life; in the upholding of his career, the raising of his children, and his determination to follow his own conscience while facing critique, slander, and threats. Atticus’ compassion for Tom Robinson earned him the hatred of many racist citizens in his small, southern town. We will write a custom essay sample on Courage of Atticus Finch or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He was insulted, threatened physically, at one point even approached by a mob of angry, poteentially violent men, but Atticus took all of this undeserved abuse with grace and the assurance that he was right in his decisions. When even the children began to hear of Atticus new reputation as a n***** defender Scout asked her father how he could possibly be doing the right thing if it it made everybody so angry. Atticus replied ; â€Å"The one thing that doesnt abide by majority rule is a persons conscience. † Atticus, though an extremely dedicated lawyer, loves nothing more than his children; Jem and Scout Finch. He treats them as equals, allowing them to call him by his first name, and uses reason and compassion, rather than punishment, to help them mature and see their faults. One of his most important lessons was teaching Scout the concepts of compassion and empathy. When she came home angry with her new teacher he asked her to envision life from the teacher’s perspective. â€Å"You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view until you climb into his skin and walk around in it. This is a lesson that stuck through Scout all the way through the novel’s conclusion when she faces the neighborhood from Boo Radley’s porch. Winston Churchill has said that â€Å"Courage is what it takes to stand up and speak; courage is also what it takes to sit down and listen. † Through out the course of The Robinson Trials Atticus displays both forms of these courage; taking on James Wright’s role of the ‘accusing finger’ in the face of his town, and holding on to a remarkable belief in peacefulness and pacifism while facing both verbal and physical attacks. The witnesses for the State, with the exception of the sheriff of Maycomb County have presented themselves to you gentlemen, to this court in the cynical confidence that their testimony would not be doubted, confident that you gentlemen would go along with them on the assumption the evil assumption that all Negroes lie, all Negroes are basically immoral beings, all Negro men are not to be trusted around our women. An assumption that one associates with minds of their caliber, and which is, in itself, gentlemen, a lie, which I do not need to point out to you. Atticus Finch’s closing statement on behalf of Tom Robinson. As a white man, standing in front of a jury and an audience of white, southern men Atticus accused the entire town of ign orance and racism, putting his reputation, his life, and, unknowingly, even his children at risk in his desire to speak the truth. â€Å"Dedication is not what others expect of you, it is what you can give to others. † Atticus showed true dedication to his work, not in the pursuit of money, but in the true desire to help his friends and neighors, and bring justice and peace to his small town. Atticus remained faithful to his client, with no concern for his personal reputation or the opinions of his peers. He had dedicated his life to the law, and refused to lose that dedication to appease the ignorance of others. In 2003 Atticus Finch was declared the number one literary and screen hero of all time by The American Film Institutes CBS special. Though Atticus does nothing nearly as dramtic or spectatular as the heroes following him on the list, Indiana Jones and James Bond, his personality is marked by dedication, compassion, and the quiet, everyday courage we all yearn to have.

Essay Examples on Eleanor of Aquitaine Essay Example

Essay Examples on Eleanor of Aquitaine Paper 1st Essay Sample on Eleanor of Aquitaine Eleanor of Aquitaine was one of the most influential women in the history of Europe, having been a queen to rulers of both France and England, along with having significant political and economic power in her own right. She served as an example to all women, during a period where there was increasing development in the females role in society. Eleanor was a patron of the arts, and she was also a powerful personality, influencing the politics of the day with the help of her sons, and maintaining a certain degree of control over the monarchy even after her marriage to Henry had ended. Eleanor was born in 1122 to Duke William X of Aquitaine. The holdings of her father were equal to those of the French royalty, making him one of the most influential and important men in the region. She inherited her fathers wealth and influence upon his death, and later that year was wed to Louis VII of France. He became King of France a month later, and as his queen, she proved to be a talented advisor. Eleanor accompanied him during the Second Crusade, organizing his policy and advising his political choices. It was during the Crusades that their marriage ended, and despite having produced two daughters, it was annulled by Louis in 1152. His reasoning was that of Blood relationship, but the reality was of course that of jealousy and suspicion. Eleanor was rumored to be having an intimate affair with a cousin, but whether that was true or not is unknown. What is known is that soon after the end of her marriage to Louis of France, Eleanor became independently wealthy and powerful again. Several months later she married Henry II of England, positioning herself into an even greater position of power in Europe. When Henry was crowned King Of England in 1154, Eleanor became the ruler of England, Normandy and thanks to Henrys holdings and holdings of her own, much of France. 2nd Essay Sample on Eleanor of Aquitaine We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Eleanor of Aquitaine specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Eleanor of Aquitaine specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Eleanor of Aquitaine specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Eleanor of Aquitaines life spans most of the 12th century, which was when the Middle Ages were at their pinnacle.During this time kings were too weak to defend their kingdoms and their people sought refuge and protection from a strong leader.This brought about the feudal system and affected Eleanor by the fact that her father was a duke of an extremely powerful and immense fiefdom that was called Aquitaine in France.After her fathers death, Eleanor inherited Aquitaine and became one of the most significant leaders that were involved in all the great events of her era.She was also a key figure in endless quarrels between the French and English kings and was arguably the most powerful women of High Medieval Europe.Although her outspoken nature made enemies among conservatives, her beliefs were far ahead of her time and won much respect for women.Eleanor of Aquitaine was an incredibly influential character in the Middle Ages by controlling much political power through her husbands, impa cting and enlarging the menial roles of women in society, and introducing troubadour music to the whole of France.Eleanor of Aquitaine lived between 1122 and 1204, which was during the very peak of the Middle Ages.Her father William X, a duke, was also a patron of the troubadours and storytellers.Eleanor grew up with a lifelong love of music and literature, which was credited in whole to William, who not only introduced Eleanor to music and literature, but carefully educated and created an excellent student of her.Although most men in society thought education for women was not important or beneficial, William found education very significant to both sexes and was proud that Eleanor liked to learn and quickly picked up her studies.Williams travels through Aquitaine were always accompanied by Eleanor to prepare her for her future role as duchess.

A response to John Wisdoms article, Gods

A response to John Wisdoms article, Gods "Faith is believing when common sense tells you not to." This quote captures in many ways what Wisdom is trying to get across in his essay about religion. Religion, and the belief in it, cannot be logically justified in the same way the law of gravity can. It cannot be proven through a scientific experiment, or deduced through a set of premises. Science has dominated our acceptance of "facts" for many centuries, which has resulted in the rejection of most things that cannot be proven scientifically. By things I simply mean explanatory theories of all possible physical or metaphysical states. Therefore, the majority of society basis their belief system around science, and rejects or accepts things on the basis of proof. I use proof in its ordinary sense defined by the dictionary as evidence.Wisdom uses his essay to illustrate how the belief in a God cannot be rejected using the present belief system based on science.Gardener GardeningHe insists that religion is on a separate realm and is not susceptible to logical criticisms or rationality as most other things are. I will try to reiterate his reasoning to the best of my ability to bring about a general understanding, and to defend his line of thinking.Does a God exist? And please, lets for simplicity sake stay away from arguments disputing the truth validity of this sentence. This question is perhaps one of the few questions that have prevailed through all of time, as we know it, without a definitive answer accepted by all of mankind. Presently, if we wanted to confirm the existence of something we would collect various facts and observations to support or refute its existence. Using Wisdoms example of the gardener, we see how even after becoming familiar with all the same facts and observations,

The Asch Conformity Experiments and Social Pressure

The Asch Conformity Experiments and Social Pressure The Asch Conformity Experiments, conducted by psychologist Solomon Asch in the 1950s, demonstrated the power of conformity in groups and showed that even simple objective facts cannot withstand the distorting pressure of group influence. The Experiment In the experiments, groups of male university students were asked to participate in a perception test. In reality, all but one of the participants were confederates (collaborators with the experimenter who only pretended to be participants). The study was about how the remaining student would react to the behavior of the other participants. The participants of the experiment (the subject as well as the confederates) were seated in a classroom and were presented with a card with a simple vertical black line drawn on it. Then, they were given a second card with three lines of varying length labeled A, B, and C. One line on the second card was the same length as that on the first, and the other two lines were obviously longer and shorter. Participants were asked to state out loud in front of each other which line, A, B, or C, matched the length of the line on the first card. In each experimental case, the confederates answered first, and the real participant was seated so that he would answer last. In some cases, the confederates answered correctly, while in others, the answered incorrectly. Aschs goal was to see if the real participant would be pressured to answer incorrectly in the instances when the Confederates did so, or whether their belief in their own perception and correctness would outweigh the social pressure provided by the responses of the other group members. Results Asch found that one-third of real participants gave the same wrong answers as the Confederates at least half the time. Forty percent gave some wrong answers, and only one-fourth gave correct answers in defiance of the pressure to conform to the wrong answers provided by the group. In interviews he conducted following the trials, Asch found that those that answered incorrectly, in conformance with the group, believed that the answers given by the Confederates were correct, some thought that they were suffering a lapse in perception for originally thinking an answer that differed from the group, while others admitted that they knew that they had the correct answer, but conformed to the incorrect answer because they didnt want to break from the majority. The Asch experiments have been repeated many times over the years with students and non-students, old and young, and in groups of different sizes and different settings. The results are consistently the same with one-third to one-half of the participants making a judgment contrary to fact, yet in conformity with the group, demonstrating the strong power of social influences. Connection to Sociology The results of Aschs experiment resonate with what we know to be true about the nature of social forces and norms in our lives. The behavior and expectations of others shape how we think and act on a daily basis because what we observe among others teaches us what is normal, and expected of us. The results of the study also raise interesting questions and concerns about how knowledge is constructed and disseminated, and how we can address social problems that stem from conformity, among others. Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Report to your line manager on the changes to the appraisal system Essay

Report to your line manager on the changes to the appraisal system - Essay Example In addition, the committee should set process-oriented goals rather result-oriented objectives. Besides, there should be clear communication channels between the supervisors and the employees. Other recommendation included instituting psychological appraisal systems that assess future performance potential. Moreover, the organization should institute a peer evaluation program that produces results for comparison with the supervisors’ results. Introduction Evaluation of performance is a primary feature of every organization. Performance appraisal is an element of performance management that concerns with examining an employee’s productivity against set standards (Kandula, S. R. 2006, 32)). This is beneficial to both the company and the employee. The employee benefits in terms of professional development. This is because one learns of unique strengths and weaknesses that are responsible for particular levels of performance. In addition, the employee learns of the gaps tha t one should tackle in subsequent performances. There are key objectives of this research. To begin with, it seeks to evaluate whether the organization’s goals can align with the employees goals during the performance appraisal process. ... This system is less empirical as it involves mutual discussions with the supervisors and employees on performance. In this method, the manager sets specific, measurable, and reasonable goals with individual employee regarding one’s expectation of performance. The manager discusses with each employee while paying attention to notable factors. To begin with, the manager considers the employee’s individual scenario. Individual scenario relates to the employee’s current position in the organization’s hiercahy. This suggests that the managers consider the tasks of the given employee in setting the goals. The manager, therefore, cannot set goals that exist out of the realm of one’s duties. In addition, the manager considers the limitations of an employee in performing certain tasks. This pays attention to the authority of the immediate supervisor and the unique jurisdictions that determine the behavior of the employee (Aswathappa, K. 2005, 167). Besides, the managers regard the level of skills of the employee. Since this is a continuous process, the past behavior and performance of an employee becomes a vital criteria in setting goals that reflect such deficiencies. Deficiencies refer to the gap between an actual past performance and the respective expected level of performance (Evans, D. 2001, 20). It is essential to have clear organization’s strategies in setting performance goals. Performance targets cannot only consider the employee’s situation because the organization has overall strategies that it wants to achieve through the employees (Kumar, R. 2011, 49). The organization’s goals are set in terms of the long-term view and short-term annual goals. The

Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Education - Essay Example One such person is Fr. Pedro Arrupe, the former head of the Jesuits. He is known to have made a statement that set forth the objective of education to be that of forming men and women for others. He continued by saying that these men and women must believe that â€Å"†¦love of self or of God which does not issue forth in justice for the least of their neighbors is a farce†. This essay will look into this statement shedding light on its meaning and giving an example of a person who works for the least of their neighbors. Father’s statement can be divided into two with the first part looking into making ‘men and women for others’. An educated person should be made to realize that their learned skills and competences in life endeavors are to be used to assist other people. This eliminates self-centeredness and opens room for humbleness. Jesuit Secondary Education Association states that education should be designed to make someone more of a people’ s person than an individual. It is actually impractical for someone to use their learned skills and competences on themselves and for their personal gain. ‘Others’ in this context denotes all people regardless of their race, gender, religious affiliations or even moral backgrounds. Discrimination of any kind has no room in education which means that even ‘less than our neighbors’ are simply our neighbors.

Gamma Camera Quality Control Essay Example for Free

Gamma Camera Quality Control Essay Quality control focuses on detection of errors performance changes of gamma camera systems which may adversely affect nuclear medicine interpretation (Technical Standards Subcommittee, 1999:1). Based on already prescribed baseline conditions, routine checks are conducted to ensure that the camera operated within the allowable limits. There are quite a number of factors which may contribute to final imaging quality of a gamma ray camera. These include resolution (intrinsic and energy), uniformity, collimation and the device for hard copy (Technical Standards Subcommittee, 1999:1). Additionally, various studies have suggested like other factors like count rate ability also affect image quality of gamma ray camera. Daily QC operations are often limited to monitoring of parameters that are considered most sensitive to the performance of the system and those that are likely to affect nuclear medicine studies. This experimental review focuses on critical quality control areas of gamma camera systems. These are background/contamination check, flood field uniformity and spatial resolution (intrinsic/extrinsic) and finally the whole body scan resolution. The quality control is assisted by a SIEMENS ECAM gamma camera at the nuclear medicine department of Prince Wales Hospital. Background/contamination check This check aims to examine the gamma camera/scanning room contamination. It is recorded from the routine gamma camera QC tests. It is important to note that radionuclide contamination is not observable using naked human eye (NEMA, 1994). Such could result into the patient and the technician’s subjection to increased and unnecessary radiation doses. Contamination results from an array of factors including container leakage, patient secretion and general accidents. Additionally, increased background radiation levels may result from â€Å"hot† patient’s proximity to unshielded radiation from imaging devices (Busemann, Kugi Bergmann, 1993:896). Potential penetration through the neck of the camera is also possible in such instances where high energy agents are used. When of sufficient intensity ? 500, it could potentially sacrifice imaging quality (Busemann, Kugi Bergmann, 1993:896). Various researches have suggested that backgrounds with moderate elevation could potentially compromise intrinsic uniformity and other measurements. Results: The results from the practical put the background intensity at ? 200-400 cps (monitor observation) The result falls within the accepted limits thus significantly represented good environment for quality imaging assuming all the other factors are unaffected. Uniformity Uniformity QC checks aims at ensuring that detector’s responses to uniform radiation are kept uniform within specified limits. This is one of the basic QC tests in gamma camera applications. This is based on the fact that the camera is operated on the principle that observed differences originate from patient tracer distribution and thus the gamma camera induces no differences (NEMA, 1994). Defects in uniformity may be marked and focal for instance when photomultiplier tubes fail, and as a result of general uniformity degradation across the view field due to distorted spatial linearity/corrections for energy (Cranage Peake, 1979: 81). When uniformity is checked using a collimator, it is referred to as an extrinsic uniformity check while in such instances when a collimator is not used, it is referred to as extrinsic uniformity check (Cranage Peake, 1979: 81).

Land Ethics Essay -- essays research papers fc

Land Ethics in Our Communities   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While wading through the reserved reading in the library, I came across the article, â€Å"The Land Ethic†, which caught my eye, as well as sparked an interest deep within me. It revealed the idea that we, as humans, tend to be quite caught up in the idea of community; community between neighbors, co-workers, etc. seems to be something we strive for in our society. It seems that we have not integrated the land into our idea of community, and I feel that this is a serious problem that if not treated, will continue to grow and strive until the land turns into the â€Å"dead nothing† many people of today’s society feel it to be. I had been put face to face with the fact that I was one of those careless and self-involved members of our race. Having never thought of the concept of â€Å"land ethics†, I realized that it is very likely that many other people have yet to know of it either. This is a present conservation problem which worries me more than I have ever thought a simple article could be able to do to me.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the author of this revelation piece, Aldo Leopold (1966), stated in his article, that we need to change our â€Å"human role from conqueror, to a member of the land community†(p.). This is vital for the future existence of an Earth that is habitable and non-toxic. Many people claim that they have ethics in their work place, or in general life practices. I have yet, however, had the pleasure...

Conflict with “Macbeth” and “World War Poetry” Essay

During this essay I am going to write about the many diverse ways in which conflict is presented in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Wilfred Owen’s Poetry of World War 1. I will be comparing the ways in which Macbeth and 3 poems written by Owen; Mental Cases, The Next War and Dulce Et Decorum Est, link with each other. Macbeth is a play written in 1606 by Shakespeare who wrote plays to entertain his audience. On the other hand, Owen was a soldier in World War 1 when he wrote famous poems; he wrote them to tell us about the tragedies of war and he expressed his thoughts and feelings about war and conflict. Owen’s poems are influenced by his own experiences of war. In Macbeth the conflict shown by Macbeth and the other characters, gives us an idea of how Macbeth’s rivalry between certain characters in the play depicted the whole play itself. For example, Macbeth’s conflict with King Duncan shows how Macbeth was such an easy target for the witches bec ause they predicted he would be the next Thane of Cawdor which came true, then they predicted he would be the next King, but when Duncan announced Malcolm to be the next heir to the throne, Macbeth become insecure and had the thoughts of killing Duncan. â€Å"I have no spur to prick the sides of my intent, but only vaulting ambition which o’erleaps itself† – Macbeth’s excessive ambition is like a horse that tries to jump too high but it falls on the other side of the fence, also Shakespeare uses a metaphor to describe Macbeth’s ambition as ‘vaulting’ like a horse. Shakespeare brings the idea of Macbeth killing Duncan to life. Similarly, Wilfred Owen presents the conflict in his poems in ways which he relentlessly unveils the full scale of the war’s horrors. For example, in Owen’s poem ‘Mental Cases’, the conflict the soldiers have with the violent conditions they had to live in, Owen presents the mental torment suffered by the patients in this poem. He uses the simile â€Å"like a wound† to show that their wounds are still fresh and present in their minds. The words such as ‘blade’ and ‘bleeds afresh’ suggest that they have be en brutally ripped open by the conflict happening in their minds. Owen’s poem ‘Mental Cases’ shows us the mental anguish the soldiers had to go through during the World War. He uses the simile â€Å"baring teeth that leak like skulls, teeth wicked† to describe the soldiers as skeletons because they’re half dead from fighting continuously in the war; this shows how the poems title ‘Mental Cases’ links with the whole concept of the soldiers being half dead because their minds have been taken over by  the trauma of the war. â€Å"Batter of guns and shatter of flying muscles† – the use of violent imagery to emphasise the way in which the soldiers are continuously surrounded by gun-shots (‘batter of guns’) and dead bodies (‘flying muscles’). â€Å"Dawn breaks open like a wound that bleeds afresh† – Owen uses a simile, also a personified phrase to highlight the way the soldiers wake up to constant violence around them. Wilfred Owen uses words such as ‘skulls’ to show that the soldiers were like skeletons; half dead. Also he uses ‘ravished’ to give more power to the poem, to demonstrate that the horrors have taken over the soldiers’ minds. This poem links with Macbeth due to the way in which Macbeth is mentally tormented because of the crimes he’s committed which are now acting upon him, just the way the patients are mentally tormented because of the tragic war. Shakespeare uses the personified phrase â€Å"art th ou not fatal vision sensible to feeling as to sight?† to accentuate that Macbeth can only see the dagger in his mind but it’s not really there. â€Å"Here’s the smell of blood still, all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten† – Shakespeare manipulates the use of the senses to show that Lady Macbeth is saying that there is no perfume of this world which shall ‘sweeten’ our sinful hands; which emphasises that Lady Macbeth still thinks about the murder of King Duncan. Shakespeare also uses the simile â€Å"that not look like inhabitants o’the earth† to show that the witches aren’t humans; they don’t belong to the earth. â€Å"If it were done when ‘tis done, then ‘twere well it were done quickly† Shakespeare presents the idea of past and present; to kill Duncan quickly would be better. â€Å"Thy bones are marrowless, thy blood is cold† – Macbeth says to the ghost of Banquo; he has no marrow in his bones, his blood is cold. Shakespeare uses words such as ‘fatal’ to show the mental torment Macbeth is going through whilst h e sees the dagger in his mind. Also he uses ‘inhabitants’ to describe the way the witches look; they don’t look like they live on earth. In Owen’s poem ‘The Next War’ he presents the inner conflict of the war because the poem is based on the idea of not being afraid of death but getting used to the fact that death comes everyday to them. In the beginning of the poem Owen has written a quote from Siegfried Sassoon â€Å"war’s a joke for me and you, while we know such dreams are true† – this is an unusual sonnet because sonnets are usually on love and romance, but this one is on war. Owen uses personification like â€Å"out there we’ve walked quite friendly up to Death; sat  down and eaten with him, cool and bland† to emphasise that mostly all the soldiers are used to seeing people die and when death comes its normal for them. Also Owen describes death as ‘cool’ and ‘bland’ – these are oxymorons because they have an unusual perspective of war. â€Å"He’s spat at us with bullets and he’s coughed† – Owen u ses personification to show how death has tortured the soldiers. Owen uses many language techniques to bring the idea of welcoming death to the soldiers’ lives. Wilfred Owen uses words like ‘courage’ to emphasise the soldiers’ characters. Also he uses ‘green thick odour’ to represent the ‘odour’ as the poisonous gas that caused many soldiers’ deaths. This poem links with Macbeth because in this poem Owen talks about the courage these soldiers had and how they got used to seeing their men die all the time, however, in Macbeth, Macbeth is looked at as ‘brave Macbeth’ who has ‘disdaining fortune’ because he won the battle for Scotland and was looked at as a hero. â€Å"For brave Macbeth – well he deserves that name – disdaining fortune, with his brandish’d steel† – Shakespeare describes Macbeth as a courageous warrior. However, during the play we find out that Macbeth has planned to kill Duncan, but then feels a slight regret in going fourth with the murder â€Å"we will proceed no further in this business. He hath honour’d me of late, and I have bought golden opinions from all sorts of people†. In this scene, Lady Macbeth attacks Macbeths manliness and makes him feel like he less of a man â€Å"And live a coward in thine own esteem†. â€Å"But screw your courage to the sticking place† – Shakespeare uses a metaphor here to show the power in which Lady Macbeth has; she wants Macbeth to tighten his courage to the limit, so he can go fourth and kill Duncan. Lady Macbeth tries to convince him by calling him a ‘coward’ and unmanly. Macbeth is convinced enough to murder Duncan which eventually lead to his own down fall. ‘Dulce Et Decroum Est’ meaning ‘Die for Your Country’ is another famous poem of Wilfred Owen’s where it links to battlefield conflict and inner conflict. The poem is based on the whole concept of war, and how the soldiers fight for their country throughout the world war. â€Å"Bent double like old beggars, coughing like hags† – Owen uses two similes to describe the soldiers as ‘beggars’ and ‘hags’, due to the way they live in. â€Å"Men marched asleep† – this use of characterisation brings to life the way in which the soldiers were continuously marching during their days, and nights. Owen also uses an oxymoron to bring sarcasm into the poem  Ã¢â‚¬Å"of gas shells dropping softly behind† – gas shells are usually very loud and dangerous but Owen makes out the gas shells were ‘soft’. â€Å"As under a green sea I saw him drowning.† – a metaphor to describe the poisonous gas, and Owen’s persona of his friend drowning in the gas. â€Å"Guttering, choking, and drowning† – the use of onomatopoeia gives effect of the way in which Owen presents the conflict of the war. Owen also uses personified techniques to show the inner conflict of how the soldiers’ minds were taken over by the tragic war â€Å"If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood† – the effect that Owen uses to ‘hear the blood’. Owen gives the impression that these soldiers are broken and describes them to be helpless. Wilfred Owen uses words such as ‘deaf’ from the gun shots and bombs and ‘blind’ from the tear gas and smoke; he uses pitiful language to reveal the reality of war. This poem links with Macbeth, because Owen talks about the way in which the soldiers die for their country and linking back to Macbeth, he fought a battle for his country. However, the soldiers in the poem are described as ‘beggars’ and ‘hags’, on the other hand, Macbeth is described as ‘brave’. Macbeth has a higher reputation because he had killed the enemy of King Duncan’s. Shakespeare describes the nature of war as if it is a game or a sport â€Å"doubtful it stood, as two spent swimmers that do cling together† – using the word ‘swimmer’ relates to sport and ‘doubtful’ makes them want to try harder and think of swimming where they are pushing the water away racing to the finish line makes the reader create a picture of Macbeth and Banquo slashing away with their swords creating a sea of dead soldiers and blood behind them fighting their way to glory. It is only at the end of the play that Macbeth finally discovers his fate; after being told that Macduff had been, â€Å"untimely ripped from his mothers’ womb†. Macbeth describes the witches as â€Å"Juggling Fiends† Macbeth is accusing the witches of deliberately juggling their words so that he could not understand them. This is a clever quote as Macbeth has just realised his life is in ruins, but the audience knew this earlier. The witches have changed Macbeth from a brave warrior to an evil, murderous, traitor, underlining the conflict of good and evil. â€Å"By the pricking of my thumbs, something wicked this way comes† – this quote is significant as it illustrates the change in Macbeth throughout the play, now even the witches consider Macbeth to be evil. However, when looking at the path of destruction that Macbeth has left behind him it isn’t very  surprising. Just one man driven by his ambition to be king has led to a chain reactio n of murders. There are many important conflicts in Macbeth, like the conflict between Lady Macbeth and Macbeth, the conflict between the good which is represented by Macduff and the evil which is represented by Macbeth, and Macbeth versus himself, his inner struggle, and all of those conflicts lead to Macbeth’s down fall. Shakespeare gave a truthful, but interesting effect to show war and conflict in that time and age of Shakespeare. There are also many significant conflicts in the World War 1 which Wilfred Owen wrote about in all of his famous poems, like the conflict between the soldiers and death; the way in which the soldiers have to welcome death because it’s likely they will die. This conflict leads to the soldiers becoming mentally tormented. Owen always revealed the truth about war and conflict.

Alvin Ailey and Sociology

Jerry Tarn Professor Douglas Kierdorf Social Science 102 April 18th, 2013 Alvin Ailey’s â€Å"Revelations† and Sociology As the world begins to modernize, society develops into what sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies calls a â€Å"Gesellschaft† society. In a Gesellschaft society, people concentrate only on themselves and build relationships mostly based on the possible monetary gains. Because people are so focused on money, matters that do not possess any monetary value tend to be discarded as insignificant or unworthy. Subjects such as the arts are often seen as unnecessary, excess, and impractical.However, what people fail to realize, is that art is in fact an integral part of humanity. Art can provide deep insights into our society, revealing both its positive and negative aspects in the most genuine form. Dance? a physical expression of art? is one of the many methods people uses to portray the various characteristics of society. Alvin Ailey’s signature wor k: â€Å"Revelations†, produced in 1960, is a prime example that reflected and exposed the social changes that were occurring during that era. The 1960s was marked as a time of great change as it was the era when America began to transform into an increasingly modern society.There were significant improvements in science (and technology exemplified by the start of the space exploration), which greatly changed how people lived and viewed the world. However, the most important changes were probably societal ones, namely the civil rights movement. The civil rights movement was categorized by African Americans expressing their dissatisfactions with the injustices that they had to endure in past century. Although African Americans were liberated from slavery after the Civil War, they still had to deal with the inequality of racial segregation.Under those laws, African Americans had to face disadvantages such as (but not limited to): lack of voting rights, inferior quality of facil ities, and unequal treatment under law. In sociological terms, there was little social mobility, institutionalized discrimination, and communities were racially stratified. It was not until the 1960s that the nonviolent protests and public civil disobediences of African Americans began to gain prominence and produce effect. In 1960, one of the many famous acts of civil disobedience, the â€Å"Greensboro Sit-Ins† occurred.The sit-ins consisted of multiple instances of nonviolent protests at the Woolworth Store in Greensboro, North Carolina by local African American students. After repeated protests and growing tensions, the store finally desegregated its services. Coincidently, Ailey’s â€Å"Revelations† was produced in the same year that the protests occurred. Although there wasn’t a direct correlation between the Greensboro protests and the creation of Ailey’s dance, the production of Ailey’s dance was nevertheless a sign of social change.W hen Ailey’s dance company first performed, they changed the entire dynamic of American Dance Theater as African American way of life was finally represented by African Americans instead of by proxies of Caucasian dancers. The ability of African American dancers to represent their own culture shows the social change of the transfer of authority (of the dance theater industry) from the dominant group to the minority group. Another way that Ailey’s dance company signified social change was its integration of different ethnic groups.Following in the footsteps of his mentor, Lester Horton, Ailey decided to include dancers of different races into his dance company in 1962. Ailey’s practice of what sociologists termed â€Å"ethnic pluralism† was another sign of social change. Besides evidencing social change, â€Å"Revelations† also reflected the various elements of American society. The dance itself was able to show these elements through the contents of the plot, which was divided into three sections: â€Å"Pilgrim of Sorrow†, â€Å"Take Me to the Water†, and â€Å"Move Members, Move†.The first section, â€Å"Pilgrims of Sorrow† is about the sufferings of African Americans during the slavery era. The story depicts African Americans toiling through hard labor as slaves and trying to use song as an outlet for relief. Ailey also incorporates the song â€Å"I’ve been ‘Buked†, by Hall Johnson, to accentuate the agony and frustrations of African Americans. The reason why Ailey brought back stories of extreme hardship is perhaps he wanted to remind Americans how much pain African Americans had to go through.He wanted to emphasize how important it was for people to realize the need for the abolishment of segregation. Ailey also probably felt that because America’s history of racial inequality has existed for such a long time, African Americans have become what William Wilson calls the â€Å"permanent underclass†. Even after the Civil Rights Act passed, like W. E. B du Bois described in â€Å"The Philadelphia Negro†, African Americans still face financial disadvantages due to the situations they were put in before the passing of the bill.With the coexistence of people’s constant â€Å"just-world hypothesis† and stubbornness of their cognitive schema, the disadvantages of African Americans will never receive the deserved attention as people will just assume that their misfortunes were brought upon by themselves. This is probably why Ailey recognized the bitter truth that racism will always exist. Slightly different from â€Å"Pilgrims of Sorrow†, â€Å"Take me to the Water† and â€Å"Move Members, Move† conveys a more positive atmosphere as it portrays scenes of baptism and church service. Take me to the Water† depicts a woman by the riverside, ready to get baptized while â€Å"Move Members, Move† depic ts a celebratory church scene. These dances are also reflections of American society as it shows the roles of religion. One role of religion was providing comfort to those undergoing hardship. When African Americans went through slavery, they sought comfort in God and practicing Christianity. Another role of religion in American society was providing solidarity. Emile Durkheim believed that religion brought unity amongst people and connection between individuals.This is reflected in American society as Christianity, America’s largest religion, underlies the many values in American culture. Another important aspect of Ailey’s dance that is worth mentioning is Ailey’s own life. When he was working on â€Å"Revelations†, a lot of the content was the result of his upbringings. Ailey grew up in rural Texas in the segregation era. At that time, especially in Texas, African Americans lived under constant danger as they not only faced discrimination, but also vio lence and risks of random lynching.All of these atrocities combined are probably what allowed Ailey to have such strong feelings towards the suffering of the slaves in the first part of his dance. Another influential moment in Alvin Ailey’s life was his exposure to literature. When he studied at universities in California, he learned of the writings of famous African American writers such as Langston Hughes and James Baldwin. In addition to his meeting with Maya Angelou, he perhaps became influenced and meant his performance to be an act to promote civil rights. Another influence of Ailey’s life was his exposure to religion.When he was young, he attended a Southern Baptist church. The songs and hymns that he heard when he went to church was probably influential to his other two dances â€Å"Take me to the Water† and â€Å"Move Members, Move†. This goes to show that what people experience in their childhood greatly influences their social identity as an ad ult. From Ailey’s background and dance piece, it could be seen that America during the 1960s was dominated by the Caucasian race, had a strong sense of religion (specifically Christianity), and had an unequal society.It was also beginning to advance into a developed society, which explains the rapid social change. To a certain extent, America today still possesses some discrimination towards certain ethnic groups, and equality isn’t exactly fully established in every aspect of the country. Nevertheless, as society progresses, so will its values. There will come a point in the future when all of the negative aspects that society used to possess will change for the better. However, it is important to be aware of the need of social change. One way that social change can be exercised is through art.Art is a highly human expression, and is one of the many methods that can facilitate social change. Works Cited Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre: Origins to 1979†,  In ternational Encyclopedia of Dance, vol. 1. Oxford University Press, New York: 1979. 54-57. Dunning, Jennifer (1996). Alvin Ailey: A Life In Dance. New York: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, INC. ISBN  0-201-62607-1. Foulkes, Julia L. Modern bodies: Dance and American modernism from Martha Graham to  Alvin  Ailey (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002), 179-184 Kowal, Rebekah J.How to Do Things with Dance : Performing Change in Postwar America (Middletown, CT; Wesleyan University Press, 2010), 1-6 Mitchell, Jack. Alvin  Ailey  American Dance Theater (Kansas City, Mo. : Andrews and McMeel, 1993), 1-25 â€Å"Greensboro Lunch Counter Sit-Ins†,  Library of Congress. Retrieved April 15, 2013. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. â€Å"Greensboro Lunch Counter Sit-Ins†,  Library of Congress. Retrieved April 15, 2013. [ 2 ]. Kowal, Rebekah J. How to Do Thi ngs with Dance : Performing Change in Postwar America (Middletown, CT; Wesleyan University Press, 2010), 1-6 [ 3 ].Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre: Origins to 1979†,  International Encyclopedia of Dance, vol. 1. Oxford University Press, New York: 1979. 54-57. [ 4 ]. Mitchell, Jack. Alvin  Ailey  American Dance Theater (Kansas City, Mo. : Andrews and McMeel, 1993), 1-25 [ 5 ]. Ibid. [ 6 ]. Foulkes, Julia L. Modern bodies: Dance and American modernism from Martha Graham to  Alvin  Ailey (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002), 179-184 [ 7 ]. Dunning, Jennifer (1996). Alvin Ailey: A Life In Dance. New York: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, INC. ISBN  0-201-62607-1.

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buy custom International Business Practices essay Each country is often unique from other countries due to the nature of the standards observed in that particular country. In a similar fashion, international business practices are designed to create a unique environment that facilitates a country to engage in global business effectively and efficiently. Many multinational corporations target to expand their presence in the global market so as to increase their profitability. Although attempts have been made by various participants in the international business, particularly multinational corporations, to standardize international business practices, many countries have maintained their own practices. The nature of business practices undertaken by a country in relation to the international business depends on the economic environment in such a country. Nevertheless, the Word Trade Organization has been involved in the development of sound international business practices for all countries willing to engage in it. The desire by many c ountries to keep at par with the global economic trends has prompted them to consider international business practices seriously. A global company should ensure that its employees make their decisions in accordance to the fundamental principles associated with international business practices. In many multinational corporations, global business practices are aimed at communicating as well as reinforcing basic values to be observed by the members of the organization. Furthermore, companies engaged in international business may make their decisions based on the approaches preferred by the target customers such as the religious and cultural inclinations of the target market. 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Trade organizations, as a category of international business practice, comprise of individual corporations, companies owned by private individuals, and branches of certain business firms. The existence of corporations to be involved in international business is done after the required legislations are adhered to. Commercial codes on countries differ extensively and, therefore, a corporation needs to observe the legal requirements in its mother country so as to be legally registered to operate. Similarly, companies owned privately have to observe the required legislations on their formation and operation. On the other hand, branches for corporations abroad or within the country should be established through the required regulations of the law. Therefore, the formation and operation of various trade organizations in any country is based on the legal requirements of the country. The countrys international business practices take center stage in the formation and operation of trade organ izations. International business practices aalso encompass foreign investment and commercial policies. Each country embraces diverse commercial policies in relation to international business practices. In most cases, the central banks are involved in the setting up of commercial policies to govern and facilitate international business practices. For instance, the central banks are involved in the development of foreign currency exchange rates (Madigan, 2006). This is normally done through the maintenance of reserves of foreign currencies by the central bank to facilitate trade transactions for the people involved in trade activities. On the other hand, interest rates are set by the central banks of respective individual countries in relation to the nature of the countrys economy. Foreign investment in international business practices comprise of restrictions on investments as well as facilitation of investment processes. A country lays down certain restrictions to be observed by those interested in investing in the country. In most cases, the restrictions set by a country on foreign investment tend to be less stringent as compared to other forms of restrictions associated with business activities. In fact, foreign investors often enjoy a wide range of rights almost equally to the citizens of a country. This is especially so due to the level of significance foreign investment has on a countrys economy. Therefore, most countries often create incentives to encourage foreign investors. Taxation, as a category of international business practices, is subdivided into diverse sub-categories according to the nature of the firms involved. For instance, many countries have corporate taxes, treaty taxes as well as personal taxes. The countrys tax code is used in the calculation of the various types of taxes. From the foregoing, international business practices are generally the set of guidelines and regulations observed by individual countries in their involvement with other countries in international business. The practices are meant to create a serene environment that favors the thriving of international business so as to facilitate economic growth and development in the countries involved. By developing good international business practices, a country can reap massive benefits through its participation in international business. Buy custom International Business Practices essay

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Karl Marx about alienation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Karl Marx about alienation - Essay Example Karl Marx about alienation Alienation of labor occurs only in a capitalist society, where capitalist modes of production exist. Marx identifies four different types of alienation. They are a) the alienation of the laborer from the product, b) the alienation of the laborer from the labor process, c) the alienation of the laborer from his fellow human beings and d) alienation of human beings from human nature. In the capitalist mode of production, the ownership of the product produced by the labor-power of the laborers is not with them; rather, it is controlled by the capitalists. Before the upcoming of capitalism, labor was solely part of the laborer and was dependent on him. In such a situation, the laborer had full control over the production and use of anything he produced. In the new system, labor acquired the status of an object of external existence and thus it becomes autonomous. This autonomy gained by the product controls the worker and his labor. This is a form of alienation where the life given to the product by the laborer alienates its creator .As a result; the laborer becomes a commodity like any other product available in the market. The labor-process refers to the process of production. In the time prior to capitalism, the laborers had full control over the conditions in which he works. These conditions include how the work is organized, when to work, how the work affects the physical and psychological states of the laborer and so on. In the capitalist system, the worker lost control over these conditions.

BUSINESS ETHICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

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Impact of Globalization On the State - Essay Example The globalization has brought forth many differences that pertain to different national identities working together to in the direction of achieving a particular task. In addition, the globalization is responsible for the narrowing gap in the economic conditions of the world. The people from different nationalities work for multi-national companies, which offer excellent salary packages. The free market economic principals, combined with capitalist ideology are the driving force for world economies currently working in tandem. This paper discusses few of the impacts that the world is witnessing from globalization, while it can be said that it has brought positive change to the state affairs, there the raging debate on its positive and negative impact. The effects of globalization are seen in terms of both positive and negative impacts for different countries, around the world. The positive impact is the growth in the economy that has resulted in better living standards and prosperity for the larger society. However, the negative impacts include the new wave of migration of human resources from developing to developed nations, which can result in loss of employment in developed countries and forced changes in the social strictures. The new gap created by globalization between rich and poor also leads to increase in criminal offenses. In addition, rich countries may witness depletion in resources, while bringing more pollution problems in some other countries. The direct result of globalization is the outsourcing of manufacturing facilities by countries like the USA to developing nations in Asia. This has resulted in the loss of employment for skilled workers in such countries. The establishment of call centers in Asian countries that attend to queries from European and American consumers of a particular product or service is an example in this direction.

Explication Of Jacques Derridas Signature Event Context English Language Essay

Explication Of Jacques Derridas Signature Event Context English Language Essay Derridas essay Signature Event Context was first delivered in the form of a spoken conference paper in Montreal in 1971 on the theme of Communication, and published initially as an essay as part of the conference Proceedings. The context of Derridas essay is relevant in relation to the theme of the paper itself. In its initial form, a spoken essay preformed or produced in the French language, the essay (now in its written English form), discusses the importance and differences of context in both the written language and in speech.  [1]   The essay was then published in 1988 in Graffs collection Limited Inc., which highlighted the differences between Anglo-American and European-Continental towards the theoretical debate on literary analysis.  [2]  The historical context of the essay is relevant to the themes of original meaning and context which are discussed within the essay. Derrida discusses the distinction between the nature of truth and language, and he presents arguments on the privileging of spoken words, which is deemed as being closer to the speaker and thereby the intended meaning; whereas written words are given a secondary status and the meaning is derived by the understanding of the listener. Derrida examines the meaning of context, and then the significance of context in relation to other factors surrounding a text, such as events, discourses and signature. He argues that these issues all factor into the meaning of the text as it is produced by the writer or speaker, and then understood by the listener or reader. Derrida begins the essay in a discussion on the nature and definition of Communication, when Derrida states: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦one must first of all ask oneself whether or not the word or signifier communication communicates a determinate content, an identifiable meaning, or a describable value. (Derrida 1). The word or signifier communication occurs twice, in the marked form communication, and again as the verb form communicates. For the reader the use of the word in this way signifies a question which must be explored in the text of the essay. For Derrida this is a rhetorical question. As readers and as a writer approaching the text, if the word communication had a definite or indisputable meaning, there would be no need for a discussion or essay on the subject. This is typical of Derridas stylistic approach in the rhetorical questioning which occurs throughout the text of the essay. The essay is then structured into three sections discussing the factors mentioned in the title Signature Event Context, and Derrida uses examples from other theorists in order to present his arguments for each element. In the first section on Writing and Communication Derrida looks at the arguments of Condillacs essay  [3]  because it : à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦contains an explicit reflection on the origin and function of the written textà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦which organizes itself here within a philosophical discourse that, in this case and throughout philosophy, presupposes the simplicity of the origin, the continuity of all derivation, of all production, of all analysis, and the homogeneity of all dimensions [orders]. (Derrida 4) In using Condillac Derrida is presenting the philosophical ideas on theories of writing from a classical theoretical perspective, whereby writing is taken as presenting the original ideas of the writer and all contributing factors to the writing such as origin, production, derivation and analysis and essentially equal in nature and quality. There is thus no hierarchical system to the elements which form writing, and all contributing factors producing a text, are equal in their importance and relevance to the formation and understanding of the text. Derrida suggests that Condillacs ideas on writing mean that: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the birth and progress of writing will follow in a line that is direct, simple, and continuousà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦writing will never have the slightest effect on either the structure or the contents of the meaning (the ideas) that it is supposed to transmit [vehicular]. (Derrida 4) Here Derrida presents Condillacs analysis, whereby if writing is taken as a higher medium of communication than spoken language, the origin and progression of the writing remains an absolute which is uncomplicated and incorruptible; this therefore means that the written form is also constant in its meaning, and for the understanding of the reader. Derrida takes issue with the notion of an absolute meaning of the written later in his essay, and instead suggests that the only absolute in writing is the idea of absence. For Condillac, all writing denotes an absence. There is firstly the: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦absence of the addressee. One writes in order to communicate something to those who are absent. The absence of the receiver [destinateur], from the mark that he abandons, and which cuts itself off from him and continues to produce effects independently of his presence and of the present actuality of his intentions [vouloir-dire]à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Derrida 5) The act of writing denotes an absence of the writer (absent at the time of reading), and the absence of the reader (absent at the time of the writing), which means that the writing exists independently of both reader and writer and is yet paradoxically linked to a presence. The writer is present in the writing at the time of reading because his/her intentions are made in the words that are written; the reader is present at the time of writing because the writer is intending to communicate an idea in his/her writing through the act of writing. The act of writing therefore implies the absence of both reader and writer. The writing is an independent entity which stands on its own merits after it is abandoned by the writer, yet still causes an effect on the reader; this effect is also autonomous from the actual intentions of the writer, as the understanding and interpretation depend on the reader. This brings Derrida to the second absolute in writing, which is the absence of a definitive meaning. As Derrida states: Representation regularly supplants [supplà ©e] presenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦as a continuous and homogenous reparation and modification of presence in the representation. (Derrida 5) The presence of the writer is therefore denoted in the manner in which the text is received by the reader, whose understanding and interpretation of the text are founded not in the ideas which the writer is trying to communicate, but rather in a more practical system of understanding signs. The systematic rules of writing are based on the understanding of the written word; this is founded in language systems, which according to Derrida are only understandable because of their familiarity. Although signs give a representation of the idea which itself represented the object perceived (Derrida 6), it is only the familiarity which makes them understandable. Derrida states: My communication must be repeatable iterable in the absolute absence of the receiverà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦writing that is not structurally readable iterable beyond the death of the addressee would not be writing. (Derrida 7) The signs (words) must therefore be repeatable and repeated in different circumstances in order to be perceived and understand as to what they are signifying; and more importantly for Derrida what they are denoting or connoting. If the purpose of writing is to convey or communicate the writers ideas, the nature of language and words are a representation of something which is repeatable, no matter who the reader (or writer). Whereby writing is initially a means of communication, the actual physical marks and the meaning must have iterability, citability or citationality. All writing can be copied, or must be copyable in order to be classified as writing; therefore it must be open to both iteration and reiteration. For Derrida signs or writing, are essentially infinite in their iterability, in any capacity whether epistemic, grammatical or semiological; thus lies the distinction between written and oral communication (Derrida 9). Derrida also states that in the classical concept of writing, writing simultaneously carries with it a force that breaks with its context (Derrida 9). Derrida goes on to present an analysis of spoken language/signs from Husserl.  [4]  Again the iterability of spoken language is essential to the understanding of what is signified, denoted and understood by the listener, because language operates within a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦system of rules of universal grammar, not from a linguistic point of view but from a logical and epistemological one. (Derrida 12). This means one must be able to make certain other cultural, social and epistemological references which are understood, and thereby enable an understanding of words or spoken language. Derrida once again opens up his discussion of writing into a wider analysis of language, communication and cultural relevance. For Derrida the significance lies in that understanding is thereby taken à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in a context determined by a will to know (Derrida 12). The understanding of language and words, whether spoken or written lie in the wider context in which they are read or heard, rather a specific literal context of semantic meaning. This leads to the second section of the essay where Derrida discusses the notion of truth in language, through an examination of the event. Derridas analysis centres on criticism of Austins  [5]  ideas of communication in speech: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦speech acts only as acts of communicationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.Communicating a force through the impetus [impulsion] of a mark à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the performative does not have its referent à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦outside of itself or any event, before and in front of itself. (Derrida 13) Derrida suggests here that John Austins ordinary language philosophy is in fact determined and restrictive, working only within a framework of definitively absolute unordinary exclusion; as Austin suggests that the performative nature of language takes precedent in communication. Austin analyses all utterances as performative, yet excludes performative speech acts which are quoted, which Derrida finds essentially problematic. This approach is limiting and restrictive, by focussing primarily on analysing the perlocution and illocution, Austin is forced to: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦free the analysis of the performative from the authority of the truth value, from the true/false opposition (Derrida 13). If language or words take on a performative dimension, this means that the utterances of the words will be placed within a situation (or context) which is independent of either the true essential meaning, or any false interpretation, of the intended meaning. The problem for Derrida is that the meaning of the words are essentially subordinated to the actual utterance or event of the speech, and/or the context within which they are uttered; which in turn produces an event in the meaning as it is understood by the listener. Derridas criticism of Austin also raises questions as to the totalising element of context whereby there is emphasis on the: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦conscious presence of the intention of the speaking subject in the totality of his speech act (Derrida 14) In the event of the speech act the presence of the speaker places an importance and foregrounding to the intention of the speaker; if the intention of the speaker is prominent in the speech act, then it must follow that the understanding of the receiver/listener becomes secondary. This leads to the inevitability that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦performative communication becomes once more the communication of an intentional meaningà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Derrida 14) This poses a wider philosophical problem for Derrida in the context of literary or language discourse, as Austin also discusses the criterion of what actually constitutes a successful or failed speech act with elements of correctness and completeness (Derrida 15). This again is restrictive and finite, and goes against Derridas general philosophical openness and approach to literary theory. For Derrida there is an inherent possibility in the success of the event which lays in the possibilities of for example the infelicities in the event, and may not in fact be distinguishable from a successful event. For Derrida the failure of the event, whether deliberate or accidental, serves a greater purpose. Derrida suggests that the presence or potential of failure is what in fact constitutes the event as an ideal. The scope for error and the negative impact on the event, whilst it may destroy the idealistic approach to the event, in fact serves the paradoxical purpose of making the event ideal; by in its very nature in introducing an element of danger to the event. A perfect or ideal event would therefore have an element of danger, which is avoided. Although Austin cites theatrical events, recitations of poetry or literature as examples of felicitous speech events, as Derrida points out there is still scope for mistakes or errors in the utterances. Derrida ends the section on Event by taking an opposing view to Austin, in the similar vein to his opposition to Condillacs views and refers to the itability of the sign in general. Derrida states that speech utterances, or events have an itability. Austins view of the relative purity of performatives (Derrida 18) must be taken not: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in opposition to citationality or iterability, but in opposition to other kinds of iteration within a general iterability which constitutes a violation of the allegedly rigorous purity of every event of discourse or every speech act. (Derrida 18) Derridas view on the event of the speech act is that there is a background to the iterability or possible repetition of an utterance, which means that each utterance or speech act must be taken in the context in which it is said. This has an inevitable effect on the operation or understanding of the words which are spoken and what they signify. Contrary to Austins view that emphasise understanding of the thing and the notion (Derrida 18), Derrida stresses that we must also consider that the: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦motivations, indestructible necessity and systematic effects would be subject to analysisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Derrida 18) Here the importance of context is fore grounded in relation to the event and is subject to the same metaphysical origins (Derrida 18) which Austin appropriates to the event. Derrida concludes by suggesting that in order to understand context, the conscious intentions of the speaker (and receiver) must be definite. However consciousness is not a definite and is open to discussion and discourse. Therefore although utterances may be specific, the specificity is not exclusive to having an opposite or contrary effect on the listener and thus the event is open to further metaphysical debate. In the final section of the essay Derrida focuses on Signature' as an indicator and measure of the presence of the writer or author. The signature denotes the writer as the source of the text, or the speaker of an utterance, and they hold the form of regulation for the sign or words which are spoken or written. Derrida illustrates that the possibility and inevitability of repetition and iterability is essential to the signature; as with earlier discussions on the nature of signs and language. By its very nature the signature is iterable, as it must be, and is always repeated in order to be recognisable as a signature specific to the author. As Derrida points out although a signature is singular to the author, yet again paradoxically, there is an inevitable plurality to its production; in that it is repeated time and again as a sign of the presence of the writer. Derrida refers back to earlier arguments stating that: By definition, a written signature implies the actual or empirical nonpresence of the signer. (Derrida 20) The signature thereby signifies the absence of the writer, while at the same time denoting the presence of the signer in the past, and can be taken as a substitute for their physical presence; it also implies the presence of the reader in the future or present. Derrida also rather playfully adds his own signature to the end of the essay, as a performative example of an event. As readers we are made aware that Derrida must have at some point made the signature to the paper, however the printed copy of the signature in front of us is not the original or authentic mark/sign made by Derrida, it is an repeated printed copy of the same. This act highlights key elements of Derridas arguments from the essay, as to the nature of iterability, repetition, absence and context. The communication of Derridas ideas in the preceding essay are somehow signified as more genuine, or sincere because he has placed his signature at the end of the essay and placed a mark/sign of authenticity to the essay. Derridas conclusions to the essay tie in with this idea, in that while language can be philosophised in an ordinary manner, as a means of communicating semantics, there is always an underlying and infinite possibility to other factors such as presence, knowledge , representation, and truth. For Derrida the practice of communication and the spoken word or writing must be inclusive of these elements in order for a text to be understood or communicated in its entirety. Derridas stylistic presence is evident in the title and structure of the essay, in the use of questions, often at times rhetorical, and the proposition of paradoxes. The essay is actually structured in the reverse order of the title Signature Event Context: Context is discussed first in presentation of Condillacs ideas, followed by Austins arguments on the Event, and the essay ends with Derridas thoughts on Signature.  [6]  This playing with the order of the elements which Derrida is discussing is somewhat typical of Derridas stylistic and consciously playful approach to writing. At times the language and style is analogous to the spoken word or a speech; which again is self-referential to the form of the text, as it was initially a spoken text/utterance. The form and structure of the essay reiterates the ideas and arguments that Derrida presents. The essay is structured in a fairly accessible yet formal manner whereby Derrida at times breaks arguments or ideas down into listed or numbered sections. Although the complexity of the ideas and concepts presented are perhaps more complicated than the stylistic form of the written language. Derrida repeats certain points and arguments, by presenting his theories in a manner which reiterates the essence of his arguments, and by repeating the same central arguments in a slightly altered form. He uses repetition of the arguments to make the ideas that he is presenting familiar and understandable to the reader, and this is his general approach to the function and understanding of language, signs and words the more familiar we become with words, the easier they are to understand in their true meaning. The meaning lies in the repetition and iterability not only of the words, but also in the concepts and ideas which lie beneath the semantics of the sentences and content of the essay. Derridas arguments are therefore communicated to us as readers when we read and understand the text in the context of the structure of the essay, and experience the text as part of a wider cultural discourse.

College Admissions Essay: I Shall Break Free :: College Admissions Essays

I Shall Break Free    If words could say all they mean then life would be easy. I try to speak, but nothing ever comes from my mouth. Mind full of thoughts with no way to get them out. Expressions come but do not mean what they say. Each try brings a blundering mess of a jumble of words, no meaning to anyone in what they say. Try and speak only to be ignored by empty space. Each thought whole in my head, not even a fragment in my mouth. No matter what I try, my mind still flows free with no way to express it. Night comes with anticipation of a voice to come from my head. Always try yet words still do not come. Around conversation happens like I dream of, yet I can still utter nothing but silence. Break the silence, with mindless speech no meaning in either's voice. I search deep for my being that brings with it my mind, but I try to no avail. If only my mind would work. How can I make it? Too many tries come up empty. More chances come so I continue to search my soul for the voice that I have long since lost. Once I knew it, and could call for and receive at any time. What was it I did? I do not know, but it has been scared too deep inside me. Must find, for without it I am as good as a mute. Still I talk, but with no meaning.

Evaluate the Influence Different Stakeholders Exert in One Organisation

I am going to evaluate the influence that stakeholders exert on Zotefoams PLC. I will be evaluating the following stakeholders: customers, employees, shareholders, suppliers, the government and owners. Customers Customers contribute to profit levels and turnover through buying products and services. People are stakeholders in a company for financial reasons; customers do not want to have to spend an excessive amount of money to purchase a product, so if one of Zotefoams competitors can produce the same product for a lower price the customer may be tempted to change suppliers.Without its customer Zotefoams would not exist, they survive through customer loyalty and their ability to attract new custom. To ensure that they get regular customers Zotefoams ensures that all of its products are the best on the market. Customer service is also held very highly. By offering these incentives Zotefoams are getting regular customers which bring in more profit which then can be used to help expand the business.In the resent economic down-turn Zotefoams business customers have been demanding cheaper products, and with the risk of losing contacts worth millions of pounds Zotefoams has had to expand its manufacturing base with factories in the UK, USA and now in China. This diversity allows them created not only cheaper products but also more specialised one too. This has opened up a larger market for them which have increased their share prices by 50% in two years. This has all been brought on by the need to satisfy their existing customer and increase their potential one.Employees Employee is any person hired by an employer to do a specific job. Employees are important as any other stakeholder because they have first contact with customers so if the customers want to ask a question about the organisation or about a product then the employees can help with that and that employees could also recommend products to customers which will bring in more profit. Employees must know ab out the customer service policy. If customers have a problem or an issue with a product or service then employees must know how to deal with it.Zotefoams have business and public customer that require different levels of customer service. The advantage to having a customer service for the customers is that their needs and complaints will be responded to. In reality, there are several factors that influence how committed employees are to a company or organization. It has been proven that the more autonomy and responsibility that a job has, the less repetitive and dull that job also is and the more likely the worker is to enjoy and feel satisfied by the work.Those individuals who feel stimulated, challenged and satisfied in their jobs are much more likely to be committed to a given work environment, company or organisation. Additionally, things like promotional opportunities, pay raises and chances for cross-training and advancement all encourage commitment. Those jobs or companies wh ere there are fewer opportunities for promotion, advancement, and education tend to have higher turnover and less satisfied employees. In essence it is a very symbiotic relationship.A business such as Zotefoams needs to employee a number of skilled employees to reach its business goals and likewise skilled employees would have the advantage of having a larger amount of employers to choose from. As a result the amount of influence employees have on a business is only (in my option) second to a business’s customer. Shareholders Shareholders are the owners of a company. They have the potential to profit if the company does well, but that comes with the potential to lose if the company does poorly. Shareholders can influence a business in many ways.They can exert their influence by voting for particular directors or they can exert their influence by approving dividend payments at the AGM (Annual General Meeting). Shareholders play an important role in raising funds for organisati ons. So these figures create a great opportunity for all those who are looking for a profitable option to invest money. The main powers of the Annual General Meeting of shareholders are to approve and receive dividend proposals. An AGM (Annual General Meeting) is a meeting that official bodies and ssociations involving the public including companies with shareholders are often required by law to hold.An AGM is held every year to elect the Board of Directors and inform their members of previous and future activities. It is an opportunity for the shareholders and partners to receive copies of the company's accounts as well as reviewing financial information for the past year and asking any questions regarding the directions the business will take in the future. In reality (a company such as Zotefoams) the shareholders have little or no impact on virtually anything to do with the company.Most companies have millions of shares outstanding and thousands of shareholders. The management ge nerally makes all strategic decisions unless the decision involves raising funds through bonds or secondary offerings, along with potential mergers or acquisitions. Issues of that significance are presented to the Board of Directors by the management and decided by the Board. In general, management considers shareholders simply as investors, and that the shareholders are only concerned about the share price or dividend payout.They know that it is virtually impossible for general shareholders to get 50% + 1 to change the board. That is not to say the company does not care about the shareholders. It simply assumes that the board and top management know the most about the company and therefore will automatically do what they believe is in the best interest for both the company and investor. External stakeholders-Suppliers Stock managers have trusted suppliers to supply them with the products they need to sell.The suppliers should provide the products on time, however if not then stock managers will find new suppliers that are better than the ones they had previously. If stock managers and suppliers have a good relationship with one another then they would be happy to work with each other which means stock managers will have a reliable source of supplies and suppliers will have a reliable source of income. If suppliers are happy then they will be more motivated to help the business to achieve success and help the business run effectively. Suppliers must supply the stock managers with good quality products.If however the products are bad quality then stock managers will find new suppliers and their previous suppliers will lose customers and they would get a bad reputation which means all their other customers will find new suppliers too. Zotefoams suppliers influence the business by making sure they have the right amount of stock delivered at the right time. If their suppliers do not supply high quality goods this would be a disadvantage. This could lead to a reduc tion of customers. The Government The government sets corporate tax rates for businesses so that they pay their taxes.This way, a business can make its contribution towards the society. As a result, the government uses this money for economic growth and development. Paying taxes help these businesses to streamline their processes, as a result of more efficient infrastructure and management. The taxes paid also assist in supporting backward countries, so that overall demand of their products is not only restrained to UK, but includes exports to these nations too. Government laws are there to handle disputes, errors or poor judgment of a given person.In any society, disagreement between employees can break down a healthy structure, so the laws are in place to attempt to guarantee equal rights to each member. Conclusion My conclusion is that there are a number of different stakeholders that hold different levels of influences on Zotefoams. But in my option out of all of Zotefoams (or a ny business) stakeholders its customer would hold the most influence, because after all a business cannot operate without its customers. By looking at a number of case studies (1) you can see a direct link between poor PR/ customer service and a company stock prices and sales.In November 2011 Shares of Abercrombie & Fitch plunged more than 15% in one day resulting from a PR disaster. This is evidences that if a company do not reflect the wishes of its customer or delivers poor service/goods there can be a massive negative effect on the business. Another example of how customers can effect business operations is the disastrous speech made by CEO Gerald Ratner of The Ratner Group. After making a speech in which he jokingly denigrated the company's products as â€Å"tacky† he nearly caused the company's near collapse. The company’s stakeholders are very important to keep the business up and running.A company’s stakeholders are all important but in handling its stak eholders, a business also has to accept that it will have to make choices. It is rare that â€Å"win-win† solutions can be found for key business decisions. Almost certainly the business cannot meet the needs of every stakeholder group and most decisions will end up being â€Å"win-lose†: i. e. supporting one stakeholder means another misses out. There are often areas where stakeholder interests are aligned, where a decision can benefit more than one stakeholder group. In other cases, there is a clear conflict of interest.